Marlborough (99 page)

deteriorating relations with and alienation from Anne, 23, 105, 238, 299, 301, 304, 329, 351, 353–4, 365, 407–8, 414, 436, 449

promotes Abigail Hill’s interests, 23, 190–1

requests favours from Anne, 28

and political
antipathies, 34, 36, 233, 238–9, 298

on Marlborough’s lineage, 43

and Arabella Churchill’s affair with James II, 48

background, 83

courtship and marriage, 83–4, 86–8

character and appearance, 84–6, 105, 482

relations with mother, 84

marriage relations, 85–6, 329, 481–2

in Low Countries, 92

pregnancies and children, 92–3, 96, 232, 237

opposes persecution of Covenanters, 94

on sinking of
Gloucester
, 98

in Holywell House, 100

ambitions, 102–3

meets Anne, 103

correspondence with husband, 108, 223, 236, 252, 268, 277, 279, 280–1, 308, 311, 316, 320, 328, 377, 390–1

and religious differences, 109

and conspiracy against James II, 142

escapes from house arrest threat, 154–5

on accession of William and Mary, 157

accused of rapaciousness, 159

family ambitions, 159

differences with Villiers camp, 162–3

on differences between Mary II and Anne, 163, 177

and Anne’s parliamentary grant, 164

accepts pension from Anne, 165

called ‘Mrs Freeman’ by Anne, 165

and husband’s disgrace by William, 176–7

and death of son Charles, 179

and husband’s imprisonment in Tower, 179–80

and ostracism of Anne in Bath, 180–1

maintains hostility to William, 186

dislikes Hedges, 206

suspicions on Earl of Peterborough, 209

and Marlborough’s absences on campaign, 222

sulks, 223

and Marlborough’s dukedom, 232

affected by death of son John (Blandford), 235–7

marriage breakdown (1704), 237, 256–8

menopause, 237, 257

suspects husband of adultery, 257

Whiggery, 257, 328, 482

and Marlborough’s victory at Donauwörth, 275

Marlborough writes to on Blenheim victory, 297–8

advises against accepting imperial princedom, 302

and aid for Earl of Essex, 327

and Marlborough’s Ramillies victory, 347

on Anne’s relations with Abigail Masham, 354

and Marlborough’s siege of Lille, 397

and Marlborough’s attack on Ghent, 404

and building of Marlborough House, 408

and death of Prince George, 409

and peace negotiations (1709), 410

and Villars’ intention to fight, 421

and battle of Malplaquet, 432, 434

final meeting with Anne, 436, 442

and political hostility to Marlborough, 436

defamed in Mrs Manley’s
New Atlantis
, 437

pursues Cadogan for money, 440

corresponds with Anne after breach, 445

Anne insists on dismissal, 448–50

daughters’ relationships with, 448–9, 481

pension arrangements, 450

and Marlborough’s ill-health in France, 451–2

and Cadogan’s investment of money abroad, 464

on Godolphin, 464

joins husband on continent (1713), 465–6

and husband’s health decline and death, 472, 474–5

criticises Sunderland’s second marriage, 473

makes money in South Sea Bubble, 473

quarrels with Craggs, 473–4

rejects suitors in widowhood, 475

will, 476

writings, 476–7

death and burial, 477

An Account of the Conduct of the Dowager Duchess of Marlborough from her first coming to Court
, 105, 142

Marlborough, Wiltshire:

parliamentary representation, 31–2

Marsin, Marshal Ferdinand Marcin, comte de:

and Marlborough’ threat on Moselle, 260

holds position at Dillingen, 269

Tallard aims to join, 278

at battle of Blenheim, 282, 289, 293–4

joins Villeroi on Rhine, 305, 331–2

mortally wounded, 350

Mary II (Stuart), Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland:

height, 13

accession, 15, 156

death and succession, 26, 185–6

birth, 47

marriage, 52, 92

reproaches Catherine Sedley, 87

differences and breach with sister Anne, 103, 163–4, 176–8, 180

letter to Frances Apsley, 104

and sister Anne’s commitment to Anglicanism, 140

correspondence with sister Anne, 141

Elizabeth Villiers insults, 162

marriage relations, 163

rules during William’s absence in Ireland, 168

and Marlborough’s expedition to Ireland, 169

on disgrace of Marlborough, 176–7

excludes Halifax and Shrewsbury from Privy Council, 180

Mary of Modena, Queen of James II:

marriage, 78

Frances Jennings serves, 83

affection for Marlboroughs, 88

travels to England, 99

and birth of James Francis Edward Stuart, 137, 141

Anne hates, 141

Anne claims change of heart towards, 166

Mary Stuart, Princess (William of Orange’s mother), 67

Masham, Abigail, Lady (
née
Hill):

advancement, 23

marriage, 23, 304, 354

replaces Sarah Marlborough as Anne’s intimate, 105, 304, 354, 409, 414, 442, 445

in Duke of Gloucester’s court, 190

as Sarah’s personal maid, 190–1

and displacement of Godolphin, 208

relations with Harley, 354–5, 364, 412, 438

Sarah’s resentment of, 407, 409, 414, 436

Marlborough requests removal from court, 415

Masham, Brigadier Samuel, 1st Baron:

marriage, 23, 304, 354

title, 29

promoted, 446

Matignon, Marshal Charles Auguste Goyon, marquis de, 384, 390

Maubeuge, 74, 454

Maurice, Prince, 41

May, Baptist, 26, 63

Maynwaring, Arthur, 7, 354, 407, 413, 438, 444, 457, 464

Meath, Edward Brabazon, 4th Earl of, 159

Medina, Sir Solomon de, 219, 460, 463

Mediterranean:

William’s strategy in, 182–3

Allies win control after attack on Toulon, 360

Medway, river:

Dutch raid (1677), 61

Mehaigne, river, 312, 333–5, 342, 345

Meldert, 347

Mellenburg, 466

Menin, 378, 395

Meredith, Brigadier General Thomas, 24, 275, 445

Mérode-Westerloo, Brigadier Jean Philippe Eugène, comte de:

on Blenheim campaign, 8, 287–8, 291, 293–4

on Lines of Brabant, 240, 242

and attempt on Antwerp, 245

and siege of Ingolstadt, 279

on battle of Ramillies, 338

changes sides, 338

Meuse, river, 254

Mews, Peter, Bishop of Winchester, 124–5, 131, 355

Middleton, Charles, 2nd Earl of, 186–7

Miklau, General, 431

military formations:

line fighting, 283–7

militias:

decline under James II, 132

Millner, Sergeant John, 313, 374, 477

Mindelheim, principality of, 303, 463, 466

Minorca:

ceded to Britain, 458

Mitford, Nancy, 67

Mohun, Brigadier Charles, 5th Baron, 19, 65, 355

Molesworth, Captain Richard, 3rd Viscount, 342–4, 402

Molyneux, William, 4th Viscount, 468

monarchy:

conflicts over nature of, 45

Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of:

at Sedgemoor, 17, 123–5

supporters hanged, 18, 52, 54

Regiment, 52

commands Life Guards troop, 54

at siege of Maastricht, 70, 75–6

presents Marlborough to Charles II, 77

commands British brigade in France, 79

Marlborough reports to on casualties, 81

serves in Charles II’s council, 91

defeats Covenanters at Bothwell Bridge, 94

exiled in Holland, 94

rebellion, 96, 110–18, 120, 132

captured and executed, 126

Mons, 173, 421–3, 434

Montagu, Charles
see
Halifax, 1st Earl of

Montagu, John Montagu, 2nd Duke of (
earlier
Viscount Monthermer):

marries Mary Churchill, 303

as chief mourner at Marlborough’s funeral, 475

complains of Mary’s adultery, 476

Montagu, Mary, Duchess of (
née
Churchill;
earlier
Viscountess Monthermer):

rebukes Lady Hervey, 23

birth, 102

marriage, 303

Anne disparages, 448

attends Anne’s funeral, 470

Sarah quarrels with, 474, 476

and dying father, 475

Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley, 475

Montagu, Ralph, 1st Duke of (
earlier
Earl), 303

Monthermer
see
Montagu, Duke of and Duchess of

Montreuil, 453

Montrose, James Graham, 3rd Marquis of, 99

Moore, General Sir John, 185

Mordaunt, John, Viscount, 207, 272, 280, 344

Mortimer, Captain Edward, 20

Moselle, river and valley, 255–6, 258, 260, 308, 312, 330

Mountcashel, Justin McCarthy, Viscount, 166

Mowdie, Elizabeth, 87

Muddey, Private John, 267

Mulgrave, John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of
see
Buckingham, 1st Duke of

Mundelsheim, 266

Munnocks, Lieutenant Philip, 114

Murray, Sir George, 6

Murray, Major General Robert, 344, 371–2, 377

Nairne, David, 184

Namier, Sir Lewis, 34

Namur, 181, 210, 378, 454

Nangis, Louis Armand de Brichanteau, marquis de, 390

Nantes, Edict of:

revoked (1685), 129

Narborough, Rear Admiral Sir John, 68–9

Naseby, battle of (1645), 40

Nassau-Dietz, Johan Willem Friso, Prince of Orange and Friesland, 388, 426, 429–30, 453

national debt, 441

Natzmer, Major General Dubislaw von, 287, 376, 382, 385, 387–8, 407

navy:

in War of League of Augsburg, 182

Ne Plus Ultra
line, 453–4, 457

Nebel, river, 281, 283, 287, 291, 293, 478–9

Neerhespen, 312, 3144

Neuberg, 278

New Model Army, 48–9

Newburgh, Charles Livingstone, 2nd Earl of, 117

Newcastle, John Holles, Duke of, 298, 304

Newfoundland, 459

Newton, Sir Isaac, 14, 189

Newton Montacute (estate), Wootton Glanville, Dorset, 39

Nijmegen, 224, 227

Peace of (1678), 89–91

Nine Years War (1684–97), 250

Nithsdale, William Maxwell, 5th Earl of, 178

Normanby, Marquess of
see
Buckingham, 1st Duke of

North America:

French threat in, 135

French concessions under Treaty of Utrecht, 459

Northampton, George Compton, 4th Earl of, 140, 154

Northumberland, George FitzRoy, 1st Duke of, 62

Norton St Philip, 118

Nottingham, Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of:

and Trelawney’s influence, 33

and Mary’s recall of Prince George from campaign, 164

favours campaign in Ireland, 169